Fitoterapie

Băile cu plante medicinale – Fitobalneologia

05
sept.

Fitobalneologia se constituie intr-un procedeu natural de tonifiere, ameliorare sau optimizare a functiilor organismului. Acest mijloc terapeutic, adjuvant sau de baza, consta in introducerea plantelor medicinale sau a extractelor obtinute din acestea, la apa de baie. O alta metoda folosita in fitobalneologie, consta in conducerea vaporilor, incarcaţi cu substante din plante, catre anumite zone tegumentare.

Principalele metode fitobalneologice

Fitobalneologia cuprinde in principal urmatoarele metode:

– bai generale
– bai locale (bai de sezut, bai ale picioarelor)
– bai de aburi

Principiile active din apa de baie pot proveni din doua surse fitoterapeutice: fie dintr-o infuzie concentrata care se adauga apei, fie din plante adaugate direct apei de baie.

Baile generale cu plante medicinale

Cea mai eficienta metoda de pregatire a bailor generale cu plante medicinale, consta in ambalarea materialului vegetal in saculeti (pungi) de tifon sau din alt material textil, care se agata sub robinet, astfel incat apa calda sa cada direct peste materia prima vegetala. Este bine sa se foloseasca temperaturi cat mai ridicate ale apei. Dupa ce vana este umpluta, sacul cu plante ramane in cada, iar pacientul asteapta ca apa sa ajunga la temperatura potrivita. In acest caz, trebuiesc folosite plante medicinale a caror principii se extrag la temperaturi mai joase (50-70oC). Se poate renunta la ambalarea materialului in saculeti, aruncandu-se un pumn de plante direct in apa calda, cu mentiunea ca aceasta metoda directa, prezinta unele dezavantaje (exista principii care se pierd, materialul vegetal are tendinta sa se lipeasca de piele).

Atunci cand se doreste utilizarea unor plante medicinale a caror principii se extrag la temperaturi mai mari, la apa de baie se adauga o infuzie concentrata sau un decoct de plante. Exista şi o cale de mijloc intre cele doua proceduri. Plantele puse in saculeti de tifon, se umecteaza cu apa clocotita, dupa care se introduc la apa de baie.

Baile generale amelioreaza:
– circulatia periferica
– afectiunile si deranjamentele sistemului nervos central si periferic (stres, nevroze, astenii, nevrite si polinevrite)
– unele boli de piele (troficitate si fermitate tegumentara scazuta, scrofuloza, eczeme, seboree)
– afectiunile oaselor si a articulatiilor (reumatism, rahitism, artroza, guta)
– anumite afectiuni respiratorii (raceli, viroze, bronsite cronice)
– bolile ginecologice

De asemenea, fitobalneologia, prin baile generale, prezinta actiune stimulanta, indeosebi asupra metabolismului si a asupra sistemului circulator. Fitobalneologia este deosebit de recomandata in convalescenta.

Dintre vegetale, se pot utiliza la apa de baie specii de brad sau molid (cetina), cimbru (partea aeriana), musetel (flori), salcam (flori), trifoi rosu (flori), pin (muguri, cetina), ienupar (cetina), sulfina (flori), menta (frunze), etc.

Baile locale cu plante medicinale

Baile locale supun tratamentului doar anumite parti ale corpului, de obicei sezutul, mainile sau picioarele. Ele se efectueaza cel mai bine intr-un lighean. De cele mai multe ori, se recomanda adaugarea unei infuzii concentrate la apa din vasul in care se fac baile locale, dar se poate pregati si direct un ceai pentru intreaga cantitate lichida de baie.

Baile de sezut se recomanda in unele boli sau dereglaje genitale (leucoree, candidoza, etc.) precum si in cazul hemoroizilor. Se folosesc specii ca: traista ciobanului (partea aeriana), urzica moarta alba (flori, frunze si flori), nuc (frunze), frasin (frunze), galbenele (flori), trifoi alb (flori), etc.

Baile calde de picioare dau rezultate, uneori surprinzatoare, in cazul simptomului numit „picioare reci”. Prin aceasta metoda, reducandu-se decalajele termice suferite de organism, sistemul imunitar se fortifica si circulatia periferica creste. Astfel, aceasta solutie terapeutica simpla, poate preveni aparitia reumatismului, dar si al altor boli articulare si ajuta la ameliorarea acestora, daca ele sunt deja instalate. In cazul racelilor, baile calde de picioare, reduce durata de manifestare a bolii. Tot odata, baile de picioare calmeaza durerile membrelor inferioare. In sezonul rece, persoanele care recurg la baile calde de picioare, contacteaza mai rar gripa sau guturaiul. Plantele care se recomanda a fi folosite pentru acest tip local de bai, sunt, in general, similare cu cele utilizate la baile generale. De asemenea, in vasul de baie, se mai poate adauga sare.

Baile de picioare efectuate in apa aflata la temperatura camerei, poate ameliora simptomul de hipertranspiratie. In acest scop se va folosi un amestec de plante (frunze de nuc si frunze de salvie, in parti egale), din care se realizeaza o infuzie concentrata (12 linguri de planta uscata si maruntita la 1 litru de apa).

Baile de abur cald

In cazul bailor de aburi, se foloseste un vas mare in care se adauga o infuzie concentrata fierbinte, imediat dupa ce acesta a fost preparata. Aburii care se degaja, vor fi dirijati spre zona corporala dorita, cu ajutorul unui prosop.

Vaporii degajati, trebuie sa contina principii cu proprietati trofice asupra tesutului cutanat si subcutanat.
Metoda da rezultate in unele afectiuni ale pielii, dar si a zonelor mai profunde (noduli, chisturi, cute, etc.).

Una dintre plantele medicinale cele mai utilizate in tratamentul cu ajutorul bailor de aburi, este coada calului, din care se realizeaza o infuzie concentrata (12 linguri de planta uscata si maruntita la 1 litru de apa).

Sursa: http://www.bioterapi.ro/terapii/index_terapii_tratamente_naturiste_fitoterapia_baile_cu_plante_medicinale.htm

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